4.0 KiB
WebClient
WebClient基于Reactor提供了functional, fluent API。
WebClient是非阻塞的,其依赖的codecs和server端使用的codecs相同。
Configuration
创建WebClient最简单的方式是通过静态工厂方法:
WebClient.create()WebClient.create(String baseUrl)
除此之外,也可以通过WebClient.builder()来指定更多选项:
uriBuilderFactory: 自定义uriBuilderFactory,用于创建UriBuilder,UriBuilder包含共享的配置,例如base URI等defaultUriVariables: 在拓展uri templates时,使用到的默认值defaultHeader:对每个请求都包含的headersdefaultCookie:每个请求都包含的CookiedefaultRequest: 对每个请求进行自定义的Consumerfilter:对于每个请求的client filterexchangeStrategies:自定义http message的reader/writerclientConnector:http client library设置observationRegistry: the registry to use for enabling Observability supportobservationConvention: an optional, custom convention to extract metadata for recorded observations.
创建WebClient的示例如下:
WebClient client = WebClient.builder()
.codecs(configurer -> ... )
.build();
一旦被创建后,WebClient是不可变的,但是,可以对其进行克隆并对副本进行修改,示例如下:
WebClient client1 = WebClient.builder()
.filter(filterA).filter(filterB).build();
WebClient client2 = client1.mutate()
.filter(filterC).filter(filterD).build();
// client1 has filterA, filterB
// client2 has filterA, filterB, filterC, filterD
MaxInMemorySize
Codecs对于缓存在内存中的数据大小存在限制,避免导致应用的内存问题。默认情况下,该值被设置为256KB,如果该大小不够,那么将会见到如下报错:
org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBufferLimitException: Exceeded limit on max bytes to buffer
如果想要修改该默认的codecs限制,可以使用如下配置:
WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
.codecs(configurer -> configurer.defaultCodecs().maxInMemorySize(2 * 1024 * 1024))
.build();
reactor netty
为了自定义reactor netty配置,可以提供一个预先定义的HttpClient
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.create().secure(sslSpec -> ...);
WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
.clientConnector(new ReactorClientHttpConnector(httpClient))
.build();
Resources
默认情况下,HttpClient将会参与使用reactor.netty.http.HttpResources中保存的全局reactor netty resources。
HttpResources中包含event loop threads和connection pool,HttpClient会使用这些共享的资源。对于基于event loop的并发,更倾向使用固定、共享的资源,直到进程退出时这些全局资源才会被释放。
如果server的生命周期和进程相同,那么对全局资源无需手动释放。但若server在进程的生命周期中可能会启动和停止,那么可以声明一个ReactorResourceFactory类型的bean,并设置globalResources=true(默认),从而确保reactor netty的global resource在ApplicationContext关闭时被释放,示例如下所示:
@Bean
public ReactorResourceFactory reactorResourceFactory() {
return new ReactorResourceFactory();
}
也可以不使用global reactor netty resources,但是,在该模式下,你需要确保所有reactor netty client and server使用共享的资源,示例如下所示:
@Bean
public ReactorResourceFactory resourceFactory() {
ReactorResourceFactory factory = new ReactorResourceFactory();
factory.setUseGlobalResources(false);
return factory;
}
@Bean
public WebClient webClient() {
Function<HttpClient, HttpClient> mapper = client -> {
// Further customizations...
};
ClientHttpConnector connector =
new ReactorClientHttpConnector(resourceFactory(), mapper);
return WebClient.builder().clientConnector(connector).build();
}