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rikako-note/spring/Apache Shiro/Apache Shiro QuickStart.md
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- [Apache Shiro Quick Start](#apache-shiro-quick-start)
- [Apache Shiro常用API](#apache-shiro常用api)
- [获取当前用户](#获取当前用户)
- [设置用户Session](#设置用户session)
- [通过用户名和密码对用户进行身份认证](#通过用户名和密码对用户进行身份认证)
- [对身份认证失败的情况进行异常处理](#对身份认证失败的情况进行异常处理)
- [对已经登录的用户进行role检验](#对已经登录的用户进行role检验)
- [检测某用户是否具有某项特定权限](#检测某用户是否具有某项特定权限)
- [在实例级别对用户的权限进行检测](#在实例级别对用户的权限进行检测)
- [用户登出](#用户登出)
# Apache Shiro Quick Start
## Apache Shiro常用API
### 获取当前用户
在任何环境中,都可以通过如下代码来获取当前执行的用户:
```java
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
```
### 设置用户Session
可以通过如下代码获取用户的Shiro Session并可以向Session中设置属性和值设置的值在用户会话期间内都可以使用。
**Shiro Session在使用时并不要求当前位于HTTP环境下**
```java
Session session = currentUser.getSession();
session.setAttribute( "someKey", "aValue" );
```
> 如果当前应用部署于Web环境下那么Shiro Session默认会使用HttpSession但是如果当前应用部署在非Web环境下时Shiro Session会使用其Enterprise Session Management。
### 通过用户名和密码对用户进行身份认证
通过如下代码可以通过UsernamePasswordToken来对未认证的用户进行身份认证。
```java
if ( !currentUser.isAuthenticated() ) {
//collect user principals and credentials in a gui specific manner
//such as username/password html form, X509 certificate, OpenID, etc.
//We'll use the username/password example here since it is the most common.
//(do you know what movie this is from? ;)
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
//this is all you have to do to support 'remember me' (no config - built in!):
token.setRememberMe(true);
currentUser.login(token);
}
```
### 对身份认证失败的情况进行异常处理
如果在身份认证的过程中失败,可以通过如下代码捕获认证失败抛出的异常,并对异常进行异常处理
```java
try {
currentUser.login( token );
//if no exception, that's it, we're done!
} catch ( UnknownAccountException uae ) {
//username wasn't in the system, show them an error message?
} catch ( IncorrectCredentialsException ice ) {
//password didn't match, try again?
} catch ( LockedAccountException lae ) {
//account for that username is locked - can't login. Show them a message?
}
... more types exceptions to check if you want ...
} catch ( AuthenticationException ae ) {
//unexpected condition - error?
}
```
### 对已经登录的用户进行role检验
如果用户已经登录如果要检测该用户是否被授予某role权限可以通过如下代码进行检验
```java
if ( currentUser.hasRole( "schwartz" ) ) {
log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!" );
} else {
log.info( "Hello, mere mortal." );
}
```
### 检测某用户是否具有某项特定权限
如果要对已经登录的用户执行检测,检测其是否被授予某项特定的前线,可以通过如下方式进行检测。
```java
if ( currentUser.isPermitted( "lightsaber:wield" ) ) {
log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring. Use it wisely.");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
}
```
### 在实例级别对用户的权限进行检测
在Shiro中可以检测用户是否对某实例具有特定权限通过如下代码
```java
if ( currentUser.isPermitted( "winnebago:drive:eagle5" ) ) {
log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the 'winnebago' with license plate (id) 'eagle5'. " +
"Here are the keys - have fun!");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
}
```
### 用户登出
如果已经登录的用户想要执行登出操作,可以通过如下代码进行登录:
```java
currentUser.logout();
```