阅读python日志文档
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# python log
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## Logging use
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可以通过`logger = getLogger(__name__)`创建一个logger,之后可以通过logger来访问日志功能。
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针对logger对象,可以调用`debug(), info(), warning(), error(), critical()`方法。
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python中,日志级别及其适用性如下:
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| 级别 | 实用性 |
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| :-: | :-: |
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| DEBUG | 详细信息,通常只在调试时用到 |
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| INFO | 用于确认应用正在按照预期执行 |
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| WARNING | 代表存在非预期事件发生,但是应用仍然按期望运行 |
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| ERROR | 代表应用存在问题,部分功能可能无法正常访问 |
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| CRITIAL | 严重错误,代表应用不能继续执行 |
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logger默认的隔离级别是`WARNING`, 只有`WARNING`隔离级别或更高的隔离级别,日志才会被输出。该默认隔离级别也可以手动修改。
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## 日志使用简单示例
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```python
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import logging
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logging.warning('Watch out!') # will print a message to the console
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logging.info('I told you so') # will not print anything
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```
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上述示例,其会输出
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```
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WARNING:root:Watch out!
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```
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> 默认输出的日志隔离级别为WARNING,info信息并不会被输出
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当直接调用`logging`中的方法时,其并没有创建logger对象,方法调用是针对`root logger`对象的。
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## loggging to file
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将日志输出到文件的示例如下所示:
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```python
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import logging
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log', encoding='utf-8', level=logging.DEBUG)
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logger.debug('This message should go to the log file')
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logger.info('So should this')
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logger.warning('And this, too')
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logger.error('And non-ASCII stuff, too, like Øresund and Malmö')
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```
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其输出内容如下所示:
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```
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DEBUG:__main__:This message should go to the log file
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INFO:__main__:So should this
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WARNING:__main__:And this, too
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ERROR:__main__:And non-ASCII stuff, too, like Øresund and Malmö
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```
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